Investing with your IRA or old 401(k): the rules physicians can't ignore

    Self-directed retirement accounts can expand options beyond public markets—but prohibited transactions and tax traps matter. This page is educational, not advice.

    What is a self-directed IRA?

    A self-directed IRA (SDIRA) is an individual retirement account held by a custodian that permits investments beyond traditional stocks, bonds, and mutual funds—including real estate, private lending, and certain alternatives.

    Eligible accounts: Traditional IRA, Roth IRA, SEP IRA, Solo 401(k), Rollover IRA

    What you can and cannot do

    Generally AllowedNot Allowed
    Real estate (rental, commercial)Collectibles (art, antiques)
    Private lending / notesLife insurance
    Certain private equityS-corp stock
    LLCs and partnershipsSelf-dealing transactions

    Rules depend on structure and custodian. Consult a qualified professional.

    Prohibited transactions (read this twice)

    A prohibited transaction is improper use of an IRA by the owner, beneficiary, or a disqualified person (family members and related entities). Examples include borrowing from the IRA, selling property to it, or using IRA assets for personal benefit.

    Consequence: The IRA can be disqualified entirely, triggering immediate taxation and penalties.

    UBIT / UDFI (the tax surprise)

    • • Debt-financed real estate can trigger UDFI tax
    • • Partnerships can generate UBTI
    • • Tax-sheltered accounts can still owe taxes

    What retirement accounts are good for

    • Tax-deferred or tax-free compounding
    • Diversification beyond public markets
    • Long time horizon investments

    Note: Depreciation benefits are reduced inside tax-sheltered accounts.

    FAQ

    Depends on plan rules; often you need to rollover to an IRA first.

    Self-dealing is a prohibited transaction risk. The IRA must operate at arms length.

    Sometimes. Structure matters, and UBIT/UDFI risk applies.

    Informational only. Not an offer to sell securities or a solicitation to buy. Not financial/tax/legal advice. Do not submit PHI or account numbers.